Spinal Fusion Surgery
Spinal Fusion Surgery involves joining two or more vertebrae to eliminate motion between them, providing stability and reducing pain from spinal instability or deformity.
The procedure can treat conditions like spondylolisthesis, degenerative disc disease, or fractures. Bone grafts and implants such as rods or screws are used to facilitate fusion and long-term spinal alignment.
Indications and Preoperative Evaluation
Fusion is considered when conservative treatments fail or spinal instability threatens neurological function. Preoperative imaging and physical assessment guide surgical planning.
- Degenerative disc disease causing chronic pain
- Spinal deformities Scoliosis, kyphosis, or vertebral malalignment
- Traumatic fractures or spinal instability
Surgical Techniques and Instrumentation
Fusion can be performed via posterior, anterior, or lateral approaches, using bone grafts, screws, and rods to achieve stability while protecting neural structures.
Postoperative Recovery and Rehabilitation
Recovery includes gradual mobilization, pain management, and physiotherapy to strengthen the surrounding muscles and support fusion.
Expected Outcomes and Complications
Most patients experience pain relief, improved function, and long-term spinal stability. Complications are rare but may include infection, non-union, or hardware issues.
